The
current Olympic Games or Olympics (French: Jeux olympiques) are the top
international sporting events that feature winter and summer sports
competitions that see hundreds of participants from all over the globe
compete in various competitions. These Olympic Games are considered the top sports event on earth that has more than 200 countries participating. They
Olympic Games are normally held every four years. However, since 1994,
the Games have changed between the Summer as well as the Winter Olympics
every two years for a period of four years.
Their
origins were influenced by the old Olympic Games (Ancient Greek:
Olumpiakoi Agones), held in Olympia, Greece from the 8th century BC up
to around the fourth century of AD. The
Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee
(IOC) in 1894. It was the catalyst for an inaugural modern Games in
Athens in 1896. It
is the IOC is the body that governs the activities of the Olympic
Movement, [definition requirement] along with an Olympic Charter
defining its structure and powers.
The
development in the Olympic Movement during the 20th and 21st century
has brought about a number of modifications in the Olympic Games. Some
of these changes include the introduction of the Winter Olympic Games
for snow and skating and the Paralympic Games for athletes with
disabilities as well as the Youth Olympic Games for athletes between the
ages of 14 and 18 as well as Five Continental games (Pan American,
African, Asian, European and Pacific) as well as the World Games for
sports that do not compete in the Olympic Games. The IOC also supports the Deaflympics as well as the Special Olympics. The IOC must adapt to a range of political, economic, and technological advances. The
misuse of the rules for amateurs from those from the Eastern Bloc
nations prompted the IOC to change its focus from pure amateurism as
proposed by Coubertin in favor of accepting professional sportsmen
competing in the Games. The
increasing significance to mass media led to an issue with corporate
sponsorship as well as the all-encompassing commercialization of the
Games. World
wars resulted in the postponement in the 1936, 1941 and 1944 Olympics
and massive boycotts during the Cold War limited participation in 1984
and the 1980 Olympics and The 2020 Olympics were delayed until 2021
because of the COVID-19 epidemic.
The
Olympic Movement consists of international sports federations (IFs),
National Olympic Committees (NOCs) as well as the organising committees
of each Olympic Games. As
the body that makes decisions of the IOC, it is the IOC has the
responsibility of deciding the city that will host each Games and
organizes and finances the Games in accordance with the Olympic Charter. The IOC also sets the Olympic program, which includes the sports that will be played during the Games. There
are a variety of Olympic ceremonies and symbols, including that of the
Olympic Flag and Torch, and the closing and opening ceremonies. More
than 14,000 athletes participated in the 2015 Summer Olympics and the
2018 Winter Olympics combined, in 35 sports and more than 400 events. The first and second athletes in each event will receive Olympic medals in silver, gold and bronze, respectively.
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The
Games have expanded so that virtually every nation is represented.
Colonies and territories outside of the United States are permitted to
put on the teams of their respective territories. This
expansion has brought about numerous issues and controversy, such as
boycotts and bribery, doping and the threat of terrorism. Every
two years, the Olympics and the media's exposure allow athletes to
achieve national and occasionally international recognition. The Games also give the opportunity for the city hosting the event and country to shine before the world.
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